Ask The Rabbi

Ask The Rabbi

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Concerned about friction in the family

The Rav Name:

Hi Rabbi,

I’m hoping you can advise me on how to help my brothers reconnect. They were very close until recently. Ezra is older. He is 36 and just got married. Saul is 34 and single. They both completely left Judaism for most of their adult lives, but in the last 5 years they came home, have become complete baalei teshuva, and turned their lives and goals around. They always were best friends and looked out for each other. Ezra, as the older one, always tried to protect Saul, who was a bit more fragile. This was so much so, that Ezra never wanted to date until Saul was married because he didn’t want Saul to feel left behind… but circumstances changed this summer and a girl appeared in his life and it didn’t make sense to refuse it. Saul is happy for Ezra, but their relationship has changed in the last few months, and we’re not really sure what happened. Ezra had to move from NJ (where he was with his brother) to NY for his wife. Meanwhile Saul has recently been dealing with a lot of stresses (illness, finances, and… life) but his state of mind is always fragile to begin with and he is prone to depression. He’s not confiding in Ezra as he used to. Maybe he doesn’t want to “bother” him since he’s married, I am not sure what his reasons are. He’s not answering Ezra in the usual natural way. They haven’t been learning together anymore. Ezra says he feels like there is a wedge between them and Saul is cordial and friendly but it’s awkward because he knows Saul and it’s not their usual dynamic. This is making Ezra depressed and Ezra is coming to resent his new wife because he feels as though she took him away from his brother, as Ezra moved from NJ to NY per her needs. Ezra wants to be with his brother and be there for him because clearly he’s struggling through something and (Ezra thinks Saul may resent Ezra for showing him the “truth” of the Torah because he became a baal teshuvah but still doesn’t feel like he belongs in that world?), or maybe Saul is just depressed for other reasons, but either way he has closed out Ezra, and Ezra used to be the only person who was ever able to really reach Saul when he was down. Saul hasn’t shut himself out to the rest of us, and spends a lot of time by our sister in NJ, but it’s not the same. Ezra misses his brother, doesn’t know how to address and repair the tension, and wants to help his brother in the way that only he can. I’m sure Saul misses his brother too, if I know him. Saul is fragile and would not respond well if Ezra directly said something like “why have you been so distant with me…”. He’d need a more round-about way to get to him. It breaks my heart to know there is distance between them and that they are both in pain. I don’t know what to do to help them fix things. Any suggestions would be so greatly appreciated!!

(changed names)














Chanuka Celebrations

Happy Chanuka!  are there halachos of a Chanuka seuda?

Do I need to make one each day of chanuka?

Answer

While on Purim there is a mitzva to have a festive meal commemorating the miracle, on Chanuka the obligation is to express our thanks to Hashem by reciting hallel and v’al hanisim, but there is no obligation to have a meal. Poskim explain the reason for the difference is that by  Purim the decree by Haman and Achasverosh  was on the  physical existence of the Jewish people , thus we celebrate with a physical feast, but by Chanuka the decree was aimed against our spiritual wellbeing, as the Greeks did not place a decree against the physical existence of the Jewish people rather only against the spiritual (the study of torah and the adherence of mitzvois) thus we celebrate in a more spiritual way by saying Hallel and giving thanks to Hashem.

Yet, Although the  Shulchan deems festive Chanuka feasts “optional,” the Rama records the custom to hold seudos since they commemorate the rededication of the mizbeiach and are therefore somewhat of a mitzva. And addtionaly he adds that by singing songs of praise to Hashem—or discussing Torah thoughts—at the meal, the seudah – meal is certainly upgraded to a seudas mitzva. Poskim emphasize that the festivity should be centered around Torah and not a vain party or card game.

It is interesting to note that the Rambam’s view, however, is that the days of Chanuka are “yemei simcha,” – “days of joy”  (this seemingly follows his opinion that the celebration of Chanukah is also on the physical victory of the war and not only on the miracle that the menorah burnt for eight days), and therefore according to the Rambam the festive meals held during the days of Chanuka are full-fledged seudos mitzva.6 The Rebbe said that just as by neiros Chanuka we perform the mitzva in the best way—“mehadrin min hamhadrin”—we should also be mehader to fulfill the Rambam’s opinion regarding feasts. Furthermore, being that the fulfilment of this mitzvah is voluntary it expresses a greater level of joy, (like the joy of hakafos which is a custom). this also demonstrate how we can infuse holiness into a mundane thing like a meal.

Which night should one choose to hold a Chanuka celebration?

Some poskim write that it is praiseworthy to hold these seudos every day of Chanuka. Some write that it is especially auspicious to make one on Rosh Chodesh Teves, and others prefer the last day, Zos Chanuka.

It is customary to eat milchig foods at a Chanuka feast in commemoration of the miracle of Yehudis who fed dairy to the Greek general and slew him. Additionally, the overturning of the Greeks’ scheme to make the Jews forget the Torah is comparable to Matan Torah which we also commemorate with dairy foods.

Since the meal is not obligatory, one doesn’t repeat bentching if they forget v’al hanisim. (likewise if one forgot v’al hanisim in shmoneh esreh he need not repeat shmone esreh)  Yet, it should be added as a “harachaman” at the end as indicated in the siddur.

Sources

 


משנ”ב או”ח סי’ תר”ע סק”ו.


ראה שו”ע שם ס”ב.


מקור חיים סי’ תר”ע ס”ב, וראה שו”ת מרש”ל סי’ פ”ה.


רמ”א שם ס”ב, וראה השלמה לשו”ע אדה”ז סי’ תר”ע ס”ג שכן נוהגין. י”א דוקא כשיש קצת מצוה בלא”ה, ו”א מצ”ע מספיק – ראה משנ”ב שם סק”ח, אבל ראה משמעות מהרש”ל יש”ש בב”ק פ”ז סי’ ל”ז.


ביה”ל שם ד”ה ונוהגין.


רמב”ם חנוכה פ”ג ה”ג, ובביאור דבריו ראה יש”ש בב”ק פ”ז סי’ ל”ז.


תו”מ התוועדויות תשמ”ט ח”ב ע’ 34.


חי’ הרי”ם חנוכה.


כף החיים סי’ תר”ע אות י”ג. וראה דרכי חיים ושלום אות תתי”ז בכל לילה.


כף החיים שם, ליקוטי מהרי”ח דיני ומנהגי חנוכה.


ראה רמ”א שם ס”ב.