Ask The Rabbi

Ask The Rabbi

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The Rav Name: Rabbi Yitzchak Arad

What is a brief explanation of the basic foundations of the ‘Animal Soul’?
The Rambam (Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon) writes, as well as other commentaries, that every physical thing in the world is comprised of four elements: fire, wind, water and earth. The teachings of Kabbalah and Chassidus add that there are also four spiritual elements of which everything in the creation is comprised, including the soul of man.
In the first chapter of the book of Tanya, the Alter Rebbe (Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi) describes the characteristics of the four elements as they are in their un-rectified state in the natural, or animal, soul:
Fire – the attribute of anger and arrogance. As fire always strives upwards, so arrogance is the negative expression of being uplifted, and anger also stems from a feeling of arrogance, since a person who gets angry is essentially saying that things should go according to his own desire and if they didn’t, he gets angry. Fire is also hot and constantly reheating, as the attribute of anger heats up a person.
Wind – the attribute of folly and inappropriate clowning, false and empty grandeur. All these are things which have no stability, like a wind that blows and passes on.
Water – the desire for enjoyment and physical pleasures, which is connected to all the kinds of enjoyment in the world.
Earth – laziness and sadness. These are caused when a person feels like earth that everyone steps on, and prevents him from having energy and enthusiasm




Swept off my feet at the wedding

 

Shalom and thank you for your interesting question! We have not found an original written source for the custom of dancing with a broom at the wedding, but the custom does indeed exist. There is evidence of this custom being kept in various Chassidic and other communities.

 

It says in Isaiah 14:23 “And I will make it for a heritage of hedgehogs and pools of water, and I shall sweep it away with a broom of destruction, says the L-rd of Hosts.”

There is a source which documents that there was a custom among Jews in Jerusalem that when parents reach the stage of marrying off their youngest child, it is a sign that they have been saved from this terrible curse which the prophet refers to, and therefore of course there is more reason than ever to rejoice, and thus a dance with a broom is performed to thank G-d for His kindness, transforming the broom of doom to a broom of blessing. It is worth pointing out here that when it comes to prophecies, although unfortunately many negative prophecies have been fulfilled, Maimonides (also known as Rambam) teaches that this does not have to be the case, but positive prophecies must eventually be fulfilled. We see this in the story of Rabbi Akivah after the destruction of the Temple. He was walking near the ruins of the Temple with other sages, and they saw a fox darting in and out among the ruins. The other sages began to cry, because they saw a negative prophecy being fulfilled, while Rabbi Akiva, laughed. They asked him why he was laughing, and he asked them why they were crying? When they told him their reason, he explained that if they saw a negative prophecy being fulfilled, how much more so would all the positive prophecies concerning the rebuilding of Jerusalem occur! May this happen speedily in our days! In another story of prophecy, the prophet Jonah was disturbed because after his difficult adventures in reaching Nineveh, he had prophesied destruction and it did not happen, because the population of Nineveh actually accepted Jonah’s rebuke and repented, thus averting the harsh decree. Jonah however was concerned that people would think that he was a false prophet, (this could perhaps lead to a desecration of G-d’s name,) but G-d explained to Jonah that since the people repented, He was able to have mercy on them.

 

I have seen an article on the subject which tells of flowery wreaths being placed on the heads of the parents who are marrying off their youngest when the broom dance is performed, and according to that article, this could possibly be a custom that Ukrainian Jews adopted from their non-Jewish Ukrainian neighbours. It is unlikely to have a Jewish source, since in ancient pagan cultures flowery wreaths were used, and Jews are enjoined by the Torah to cleave to the Torah way of life and not adopt pagan customs.

 

The most important thing is indeed to celebrate joyous occasions like weddings, Bar and Bat mitzvahs, Brisses etc., in a spirit of true joy, with gratitude to G-d for the kindness He has shown in enabling us to reach these milestones. As it says in Psalms 100:2 “Worship the L-rd in joy, come before Him in song…” Worship the L-rd means to serve G-d according to the commandments that are laid out in His Torah, so the more we study the Torah and try to keep the commandments, the more our celebrations will reflect true joy
wish you many happy and unjoyful moments.

 

 


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